No tittle but thinking

There seems to be full of loopholes in the reasoning process below, and all kinds of feedback are welcome.

I wonder what's the relationship and difference between thinking skills and language skills. What is the main goal of reflection on argumentation has been frequently discussed when we emphasize cognition development as an important role in an individual's development. Some people would explain that argumentation helps students become better thinkers and to learn content knowledge more deeply. Comparatively, language skills are important but it is not the primary goal. To elaborate, whether an individual has the ability of independent thinking determines whether he or she is a thinker, and the quality of thinking decides whether he or she is a good thinker or not.

When thinking makes sense to a specific individual is isolated from anyone else, no matter where the sources which trigger thinking come from, which means that thinking is an independent thing. Therefore, the definition of independent thinking should be emphasized. Independent thinking refers to the process that an individual dare to doubt and question the received data (rather than information), filter, analyze and integrate the data based on one's model, and extract valid data (i.e., information). Information is the tool which eliminates uncertainty, which means that to some extent, the puzzle is explained or solved. In other words, if the data works for you, it is information. One character of independent thinking is the ability to filter data and obtain information.

The importance of thinking ability has been underlined over and over again in education today, one of the reason is that the superfluous data have been flooding into our daily life due to the advent of the Internet. However, it is more challenging to obtain valid information, superabundant data disturb the effectiveness of valid information acquisition. For example, when we search a question in the search engine, thousands of relevant results will come out in a split second. However, very few of them could indeed help you answer the question or solve the problem (i.e., eliminate uncertainty). It is the overmuch data which hinders the process to acquire authentically useful data (information). Moreover, the algorithm is designed to know you better when you are using apps or browsing websites. We need to know us much clearer and better, than the algorithm, than programming.

From Vygotsky's perspective, once the valid data has been carried over as a symbol and makes sense in one's mind, it accomplishes the process of interiorization, which is regarded as the most essential and meaningful way of individual learning. We oppose rote learning and method of recitation since they do not trigger any meaningful learning (i.e., "teach one how to fish"). However, based on my realistic experience, repetition for memory is often necessary when one sinks ones' teeth into an unfamiliar realm. In my opinion, what we encourage might be the idea that one is autonomous to use the approach which works for him/her, rather than the authority forces one to carry out certain actions. 

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Below is a screenshot of the Think Global School official website, which cits Dewey's words.

Which is true.

As a philosophical slogan, it makes sense and is a loud slap in the face of traditional teaching methods such as recitation, as well as the rigid curriculum which determines what people should learn. Dewey encourages innovation in the light of development, from both individual and societal perspective.

However, I am still doubtful and careful about the form of an overseas study tour. I am not saying that traveling and experiencing different places is not meaningful. But the format overstates the role that environment plays in one's development and neglects that learning is a process of interaction between both the individual and external world. One's English would not be better if he or she just live in Chinatown in London, without communicating with native speakers. How we understand the world does not only rely on how many places we glance at, how many fancy pictures we take, but how we filter, analyze and integrate valid information.